{"id":1102,"date":"2025-09-30T09:53:04","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T06:53:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/?p=1102"},"modified":"2025-09-30T09:53:04","modified_gmt":"2025-09-30T06:53:04","slug":"konspect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/","title":{"rendered":"Konspect"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/#Robootioka_opik\" >Robootioka \u00f5pik<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/#Kusimused\" >K\u00fcsimused<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/#Definitsioonid\" >Definitsioonid<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/#Elekter_Mikrokontroller_Pohikomponendid\" >Elekter. Mikrokontroller. P\u00f5hikomponendid<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/#Pohikomponendid_Arduino\" >P\u00f5hikomponendid Arduino<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/#Sonad\" >S\u00f5nad<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"robootioka-opik\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Robootioka_opik\"><\/span>Robootioka \u00f5pik<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Robootika kolm p\u00f5hiseadust<\/strong>&nbsp;on reeglid, mille m\u00f5tles v\u00e4lja ulmekirjanik&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/et.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isaac_Asimov\"><u>Isaac Asimov<\/u><\/a>. Reeglid ilmusid esmakordselt 1942. aastal Asimovi l\u00fchijutus &#171;Runaround&#187;. Need kolm reeglit on j\u00e4rgmised:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Robot ei tohi oma tegevuse ega tegevusetusega inimesele kahju teha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Robot peab alluma inimese antud k\u00e4sule, kui see ei l\u00e4he vastuollu esimese seadusega.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Robot peab kaitsma oma olemasolu, kuni see ei ole vastuolus esimese v\u00f5i teise seadusega.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Peale nende kolme seaduse m\u00f5tles Asimov hiljem v\u00e4lja ka nullseaduse, mis on j\u00e4rgmine:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0. Robot ei tohi oma tegevuse v\u00f5i tegevusetusega inimkonnale kahju teha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"kusimused\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kusimused\"><\/span>K\u00fcsimused<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mis on robot? Maailma esimene robot.<\/strong><br>Robot on mehaaniline seade, millel on kolm p\u00f5hikomponenti: andurid, kontroller (aju) ja t\u00e4iturid. See suudab kas iseseisvalt v\u00f5i inimese juhendamisel t\u00e4ita \u00fclesandeid. Maailma esimeseks robotiks loetakse Unimate\u2019i, mis alustas 1961. aastal General Motorsi autotehases, asendades ohtlikke ja korduvaid inimese t\u00f6\u00f6\u00fclesandeid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Robotite arendamis p\u00f5lvkonnad. Nimeta ja seleta. Liigita j\u00e4rgnevad robotid p\u00f5lvkondade kaupa:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Esimene p\u00f5lvkond:<\/strong><br>Lihtehitusega masinad ilma anduriteta, mis t\u00e4idavad fikseeritud ja korduvaid \u00fclesandeid (n\u00e4iteks: fikseeritud liikumisega robotk\u00e4si).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Teine p\u00f5lvkond:<\/strong><br>Robotid, millel on andurid, et tajuda ja reageerida keskkonna muutustele. Selliseid roboteid kasutatakse t\u00f6\u00f6stuses (n\u00e4ited: n\u00f5udepesumasin, automaatselt s\u00fcttiv lamp).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kolmas p\u00f5lvkond:<\/strong><br>Arenev tehnoloogia, kus robotid suudavad anal\u00fc\u00fcsida olukordi ja \u00f5ppida oma kogemustest (n\u00e4ide: ise keeli \u00f5ppiv robot)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Miks manipulaatorid ei ole robotid?<\/strong><br>Manipulaatorid on seadmed, mida juhib otse inimene. Neil puudub autonoomne otsustusv\u00f5ime ning nad t\u00e4idavad vaid inimese k\u00e4ske, seega ei loeta neid iseseisvateks robotiteks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mis on masinate eelised v\u00f5rreldes inimt\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5uga?<\/strong><br>Masinad t\u00f6\u00f6tavad v\u00e4simusteta, t\u00e4pse ja korduva t\u00f6\u00f6ga ning suudavad t\u00f6\u00f6tada ohtlikes v\u00f5i ebamugavates keskkondades, mis suurendab tootlikkust ja v\u00e4hendab inimlike vigade v\u00f5imalust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Millised kolm tingimust peavad olema t\u00e4idetud, et teatud masinat v\u00f5i seadet saaks robotiks nimetada?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Andurid:<\/strong> koguvad infot keskkonnast;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kontroller:<\/strong> t\u00f6\u00f6tleb infot ja teeb otsuseid;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e4iturid:<\/strong> teostavad kontrolleri k\u00e4sklusi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Millistes Eesti t\u00f6\u00f6stusettev\u00f5tetes v\u00f5iksid mehhatroonikud t\u00f6\u00f6tada?<\/strong><br>Mehhatroonikud v\u00f5ivad t\u00f6\u00f6tada ettev\u00f5tetes, kus kasutatakse automatiseeritud tootmisliine, elektroonikat, masinaehitust v\u00f5i energeetika ja kaevandustehnoloogiat \u2013 k\u00f5ik sektorid, kus nutikad ja automatiseeritud s\u00fcsteemid on olulised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"definitsioonid\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definitsioonid\"><\/span>Definitsioonid<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Robot:<\/strong><br>Mehaaniline seade, mis t\u00e4idab \u00fclesandeid iseseisvalt v\u00f5i inimese juhendamisel, tuginedes anduritele, kontrollerile ja t\u00e4ituritele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Robootika:<\/strong><br>Valdkond, mis tegeleb robotite kavandamise, ehitamise ja programmeerimisega.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Manipulaator:<\/strong><br>Seade, mida juhib inimene ning mis t\u00e4idab f\u00fc\u00fcsilisi \u00fclesandeid, ilma et omaks autonoomset otsustusv\u00f5imet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mehhatroonika:<\/strong><br>Tehnikateaduse haru, mis \u00fchendab mehaanika, elektroonika ja arvutiteaduse, et luua nutikaid, automatiseeritud s\u00fcsteeme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Andur:<\/strong><br>Seade, mis m\u00f5\u00f5dab f\u00fc\u00fcsikalisi suurusi ja teisendab need elektrilisteks signaalideks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u00e4itur:<\/strong><br>Seade, mis muudab kontrolleri k\u00e4sklused f\u00fc\u00fcsiliseks tegevuseks (n\u00e4iteks liikumiseks).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kontroller:<\/strong><br>Seade, mis t\u00f6\u00f6tleb andureite infot ja juhib t\u00e4iturite tegevust, olles seel\u00e4bi roboti \u201caju\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ElekterMikrokontrollerPohikomponendid\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Elekter_Mikrokontroller_Pohikomponendid\"><\/span>Elekter. Mikrokontroller. P\u00f5hikomponendid<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1. <strong>Elekter<\/strong> on f\u00fc\u00fcsikaline n\u00e4htus, mis h\u00f5lmab elektrilaengute liikumist ja vastasm\u00f5ju. Elektrienergia tekib, kui elektrilaeng liigub l\u00e4bi juhi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. <strong>Elektriahel<\/strong> koosneb elektrikomponentidest, mis on \u00fchendatud nii, et vool saab liikuda. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. <strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong><br>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0421\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"473\" height=\"339\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pilt.png?w=473\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt.png 473w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-150x108.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"413\" height=\"243\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pilt-1.png?w=413\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-1.png 413w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-1-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-1-150x88.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 413px) 100vw, 413px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>4. <strong>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u041e\u043c\u0430<\/strong> \u2014 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"136\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pilt-2.png?w=331\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-579\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-2.png 331w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-2-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-2-150x62.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>5. <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> &#8212; \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u2014 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"426\" height=\"165\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pilt-4.png?w=426\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-4.png 426w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-4-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-4-150x58.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> &#8212; \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u2014 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430: \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"272\" height=\"280\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pilt-5.png?w=272\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-5.png 272w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-5-146x150.png 146w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>6. <strong>Mikrokontroller<\/strong> on v\u00e4ike arvuti kiibil, mida kasutatakse elektrooniliste s\u00fcsteemide juhtimiseks. <strong>Arduino Uno<\/strong> on populaarne mikrokontroller<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"335\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pilt-6.png?w=335\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-6.png 335w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-6-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/pilt-6-150x96.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 335px) 100vw, 335px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"PohikomponendidArduino\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pohikomponendid_Arduino\"><\/span>P\u00f5hikomponendid Arduino<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"666\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/arduino-uno-annotation-1.png?w=666\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-585\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/arduino-uno-annotation-1.png 666w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/arduino-uno-annotation-1-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/03\/arduino-uno-annotation-1-150x85.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434<\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430<\/strong> \u2013 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u044b\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u043f\u0438\u0449\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/strong> \u2013 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong> \u2013 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440<\/strong> \u2013 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a<\/strong> \u2013 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/strong> \u2013 \u043c\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043a<\/strong> \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0416\u041a-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439 (LCD)<\/strong> \u2013 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sonad\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sonad\"><\/span>S\u00f5nad<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fototakisti &#8212; \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e4lu &#8212; \u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vool &#8212; \u0422\u043e\u043a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Andur &#8212; \u0414\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taask\u00e4ivitus &#8212; \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maandus &#8212; \u0417\u0430\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Valgusdiood &#8212; \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pesa &#8212; \u0413\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Robootioka \u00f5pik Robootika kolm p\u00f5hiseadust&nbsp;on reeglid, mille m\u00f5tles v\u00e4lja ulmekirjanik&nbsp;Isaac Asimov. Reeglid ilmusid esmakordselt 1942. aastal &hellip; <a title=\"Konspect\" class=\"hm-read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Konspect<\/span>\u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-robootika"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Konspect - Maksim Tsikvasvili Portfoolio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/maksimtsikvasvili24.thkit.ee\/wp\/ru\/robootika\/1102\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Konspect - Maksim Tsikvasvili Portfoolio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Robootioka \u00f5pik Robootika kolm p\u00f5hiseadust&nbsp;on reeglid, mille m\u00f5tles v\u00e4lja ulmekirjanik&nbsp;Isaac Asimov. 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